The advent of the third millennium represents an important milestone in the historical development of the Arab countries and organically coincides with the formation of elements of a new structure of international relations. In the transition period of its internal development, Russia is at an important stage of rethinking national and state interests in both domestic and foreign policy. The problem of finding a harmonious combination of various spheres of Russian interests abroad, the optimal balance between the western and eastern directions of the country's foreign policy activity, the corresponding efforts and their effectiveness in terms of strengthening Russia's authority in the international arena and stabilizing the domestic political and socio-economic situation in the country is becoming extremely urgent. Russia's inevitable involvement in the process of forming a new system of international relations determines its practical participation in events in the Arab world and in the Middle East as a whole. In the last years of its existence, the Soviet Union faced an urgent need to develop fundamentally new approaches to its policy in the region, to bring it in line with the tasks of forming a multipolar system of international relations, replacing the bipolar confrontational world. The solution to this problem, inherited by Russia from the former USSR, seems to consist not simply in restoring the old structure of political and economic ties with Arab countries, but in building on their basis a new practice of mutual cooperation and a different understanding of Russian national interests. In addition, after the collapse of the USSR, the development of the international and regional situation led to the fact that both Russia and the states of the Middle East actually found themselves in a single geopolitical, geostrategic space with a sharply increased interdependence and interdependence of the political and economic processes taking place here. In particular, w ... Read more