This article examines the historical depth of Iran's civilization, presenting evidence that supports its recognition as one of the oldest continuous statehoods on Earth. Based on analysis of archaeological findings, historical records, and recent rankings by international organizations, the article reconstructs Iran's remarkable trajectory from the Proto-Elamite period through the rise of successive empires to the present day. Particular attention is devoted to the Elamite civilization, the Achaemenid Empire's innovations, and the concept of "continuous sovereignty" that distinguishes Iran in global rankings of national longevity.

This article presents a comprehensive biography of Sir Isaac Newton, one of the most influential scientists in human history whose work fundamentally transformed humanity's understanding of the physical universe. Based on analysis of historical documents, scientific treatises, and biographical accounts, this article reconstructs Newton's trajectory from a solitary Cambridge scholar to President of the Royal Society and Master of the Mint. Particular attention is devoted to his groundbreaking contributions to physics, mathematics, optics, and astronomy, as well as his lesser-known pursuits in alchemy, theology, and chronology. The complex personality of Newton—secretive, intensely focused, and intellectually relentless—emerges as inseparable from the revolutionary ideas that laid the foundation for classical mechanics and dominated scientific thought for three centuries.

Ius vitae privatae

Narcissism et ut eum vinci possit

Sicca fructus et Christmas

Top employee and employer: behavior strategies

Metaphysical meaning of the number 17

Quod frequenter in malitia de patre a matre invenitur, et quae sunt strategiae ad resistendum.

Once again about the "spring of honor"

From the first person. WE MUST FIGHT FOR A DECENT LIFE

THE STRUGGLE IN BRITISH POLITICAL CIRCLES AROUND THE ANGLO-SOVIET NEGOTIATIONS OF 1920-1921

Ethnos, Nation and Religion: Scientific Paradigms and reality of the South Caucasus

History of the preparation of the Pan-Orthodox Council

THE POLICY OF THE POLISH RULING CIRCLES AND THE ANTI-SOVIET PLANS OF THE ENTENTE IN 1919