FIRST RUSSIAN-MALAY DICTIONARY PUBLISHED IN MALAYSIA

Keywords: Russia, Malaysia, Russian-Malay dictionary

In Malaysia, the first Russian-Malay, Malay-Russian dictionary was published - "Kamus rusia melayu-melayu rusia "(Kuala Lumpur. Minda, 2013, 778 p.) with a volume of 50 thousand words (circulation of 1000 copies). The author of the dictionary is a regular contributor to our magazine, Russian orientalist V. A. Pogadaev: he currently works as a teacher of Russian at the University of Malaya (Kuala Lumpur). His advisor is the National Writer of Malaysia* Anwar Ridwan. The dictionary's manuscript was prepared at the University of Malaya and published in Kuala Lumpur by Minda Publishing House.

In a conversation with the editor of our magazine, V. A. Pogadaev tells about the history of the creation of Malay-Russian, Russian-Malay dictionaries in Russia-the predecessors of the one currently published in Malaysia.

- Viktor Aleksandrovich, the need for a particular dictionary is dictated by external conditions - the need for communication in the field of cultural or trade relations between peoples and countries... When was the first Malay-Russian dictionary published in Russia?

- Surprisingly, the first Malay dictionary in Russia appeared in the XVIII century.! At the supreme command of Empress Catherine II, the outstanding scholar Peter Simon Pallas (1741-1811) compiled a comparative list of words from 180 languages and dialects, including Malay.¹ Later, mainly Indonesian dictionaries were published in Russia.

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Malaysia in 1967 contributed to the appearance of new Malay dictionaries in our country. The first of them - "Malaysian-Russian-English dictionary "(15 thousand words) was published in 1977 in the publishing house "Russian Language" with a circulation of 1500 copies. Its authors: Candidate of Philology A. P. Pavlenko-Associate Professor of the Institute of Asian and African Countries of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (ISAA MSU), N. V. Rott-editor of the editorial office of broadcasting to Indonesia of the Moscow Radio and ya.

The author of the dictionary was Andrey Petrovich Pavlenko. Windsted's Malay-English dictionary was used as a basis ². A. P. Pavlenko managed to get Malay newspapers - modern vocabulary was also taken from there. In 1970, Andrey Petrovich went as a representative of the Union of Soviet Friendship Societies (SSDS) to Jakarta, where he died suddenly. I didn't start working on the dictionary until 1971, when I returned from an internship in Malaysia.

- What did you rely on in this work?

- I was already guided by new materials. Kamus Dewan, an explanatory dictionary of the Malay language published in 1970 in Malaysia, was a great help.³

- Undoubtedly, compiling a dictionary is painstaking work. How long did you continue working on the dictionary? And who else took part in it?

- The work went quickly, but since many Eastern dictionaries were unprofitable and were published at the expense of revenues from the publication of Western dictionaries, the "Malaysian-Russian-English Dictionary" was published only in 1977. The cover design was made by the artist W. W. Intoyo-the son of the famous Indonesian poet Intoyo (1912-1971), who taught Indonesian at MGIMO and ISAA. The publication with its design won the first prize at the competition of foreign dictionaries of the Russkiy Yazyk publishing house in 1978. The publishing editor of the dictionary was A. P. Smurov, a wonderful Russian scholar - all editorial staff turned to him for advice.

- Did you also participate in the compilation of the following dictionary?

The second- "Russian-Malaysian dictionary" (30 thousand words) - was published in the same publishing house ten years later, in 1986, with a circulation of 1200 copies. under my editorship. Its authors are N. V. Rott and I.

The publication of the dictionary was repeatedly postponed, and there was even a fear that it would not be released. In those days, the circulation was determined by the number of applications collected, and there were not many of them. Then I bought 200 postcards and left requests on behalf of all my friends and acquaintances. The trick played its part.

This dictionary was reviewed by T. V. Dorofeeva, Associate Professor of the MSU ISAA, and an employee of the Ma Language and Literature Council-

* National Writer of Malaysia (Malay. Sasterawan Negara is the highest title awarded to writers in Malaysia since 1981.

laizi Suleiman Masri. They gave it a positive review and recommended it for publication. The publishing editor was still the same A. P. Smurov. The dictionary received a positive response both in Russia and Malaysia.⁴

In this noble field, other names can be noted. In 1997, at the initiative of the Club of Friends of Malaysia, which existed in Moscow in the 1990s, a circulation of 1 thousand copies was published. "Russian-Malay phrasebook", which was intended for Russian tourists. Its authors are a journalist, a great expert on Indonesia, S. S. Zakharov, and I. The phrasebook became an integral part of another edition published by the Muravey publishing house in 2000 with a circulation of 3 thousand copies - "Malaysia. Pocket Encyclopedia". I was the author of it.

- The fact that the new "Russian-Malay, Malay-Russian dictionary" was published in Malaysia, in my opinion, is very important and significant. This reflects the increased need for communication between our countries through economic and cultural ties, tourist exchange - although it still significantly prevails in percentage terms on our part.

Maybe your dictionary can help you change this ratio?

"I don't doubt it! The new "Russian-Malay, Malay-Russian Dictionary", published in Malaysia, surpasses its predecessors in the volume of words. It is not only relatively complete, but also contains illustrations related to the culture of both countries.

In a review published in the leading Malay-language newspaper Utusan Malaysia on October 6, ^2013.5, it is noted that " the dictionary will be useful to readers both from a practical point of view and will contribute to deepening mutual understanding between the peoples of Russia and Malaysia."

And this is true, for as the Malay proverb says ," without knowing, you will not love!" There are many Malaysian students studying in Russia now, who are starting to learn Russian back home, and the dictionary will undoubtedly be an effective tool for them.

The interview was conducted by E. V. SAFONOVA, editor of the magazine "Asia and Africa Today"

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^{Pallas P.S. 1 Comparative Dictionaries of All Languages and Adverbs collected by the right Hand of the Most High Person Catherine P.} SPb., 1787. (Pallas P.S. Sravnitelnye slovari vsekh yazykov i narechiy, sobrannye desnitseyu Vsevysochaishey osoby Ekaterina II. SPb, 1787) (in Russian)

^{Winsted Richard Olof.} 2 An Unabridged Malay-English Dictionary. Singapore, Marican and Sons, 1963.

^{lskandar (Teuku).} 3 Ramus Dewan (Dictionary of the Council). Ruala Lumpur, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1970.

^{Sajab Siraj.} 4 Ramus Bahasa Malaysia Diterbitkan di Rusia (Dictionary of the Malaysian language published in Russia) / / Berita Harian, 7.05.1987.

^{Rahimidin Zahari.} 5 Hubungan Budaya Malaysia-Rusia (Cultural relations between Malaysia and Russia) / / Utusan Malaysia, 6.10.2013,

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