A review is given of our present knowledge of different parametrization of experimental results in inelastic scattering process with polarized proton beams. Spin observables in polarized proton reactions for a set of lightweight nuclei are studied at intermediate energies in the region of 100–500 MeV. Two important types of DWIA calculations are used in the analysis of experiments. Important spin observables representing the difference functions (P–Ay) and (P–Ay)σ are examined along with the polarization-transfer coefficients Dij in inelastic scattering of polarized protons. The indicated value of σ is the differential cross section. These spin observables are treated in the context of the exchange features of the effective interaction.

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CHINA'S STOCK MARKET AND THE CRISIS

This article examines the historical depth of Iran's civilization, presenting evidence that supports its recognition as one of the oldest continuous statehoods on Earth. Based on analysis of archaeological findings, historical records, and recent rankings by international organizations, the article reconstructs Iran's remarkable trajectory from the Proto-Elamite period through the rise of successive empires to the present day. Particular attention is devoted to the Elamite civilization, the Achaemenid Empire's innovations, and the concept of "continuous sovereignty" that distinguishes Iran in global rankings of national longevity.

Кредитный прорыв

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АНГЛИЯ ВОВРЕМЯ ПЕРВОЙ ИМПЕРИАЛИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ВОЙНЫ (1914 - 1916 ГГ.)

HALL MARGARET DINSLOW. EARLY BANKERS IN THE GENOESE NOTARIAL RECORDS

SUMMARIES OF MAJOR ARTICLES